Papers

Research papers and frameworks for product builders.

AI-Native Product Manager Metrics

Input and output metrics for AI-Native Product Managers focused on customer request velocity. How to measure PM effectiveness when the goal is shrinking delivery time from years to 30 days.

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DORA and SPACE in the AI Age

How traditional software delivery and developer productivity frameworks must adapt for AI-assisted development. Introducing AI-DORA and AI-SPACE: modified metrics for the era of AI product builders.

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The Five Ps

When building is cheap, only results are scarce. The Five Ps stage a product from Preparation to Profit, and answer the question the maturity models don't: not how good are you, but how far did the product get.

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LLM-as-a-Judge

A practitioner's guide to replacing human code review with LLM-based evaluation, multi-judge aggregation, and VEAL loop integration for continuous validation.

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Loop Engineering

A practitioner's guide to designing self-running AI coding agents with Claude Code, Codex CLI, and the REAL/VEAL loop patterns for production multi-agent systems.

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Product Builder Maturity Model

A maturity model defining growth toward independent product ownership, with paths for both Product Managers and Engineers converging at the Product Builder level.

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The Product Loop & Builder Loop

AI-DLC, Spec-Kit, and OpenSpec run a single engineering loop: the task arrives from outside, and verification means the code matches the task. The two-loop model adds the missing Product Loop — originating what to build and verifying it worked — the same move Scrum@Scale made for Scrum.

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Software Delivery Autonomy Levels

A seven-level progression from traditional Agile teams to autonomous software delivery and operations, introducing ASDM for autonomous coding, review, validation, and operations.

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Spec-Driven Development

A comprehensive guide to spec-driven development (SDD) methodologies and tools for AI coding agents, including GitHub SpecKit, AWS Kiro, AI-DLC Workflows, OpenSpec, and VisionSpec.

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Cursor by Anysphere

How Cursor pioneered vibe coding, grew to 1M+ daily active users, and navigates the tension between free-form AI coding and spec-driven development.

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GitHub Copilot Workspace

How GitHub Copilot Workspace evolved from experimental browser-based IDE to the foundation of Copilot's agentic capabilities, introducing spec-driven workflows to mainstream development.

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Spotify Honk

How Spotify built Honk, their background coding agent that has merged 1,500+ pull requests into production using Claude Code, constraint-based design, and years of platform infrastructure investment.

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StrongDM Software Factory

How StrongDM's Software Factory removes humans from coding and code review, replacing review with scenario-based validation and Digital Twin testing.

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